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== server-side includes ==
To enable server side includes under Ubuntu Apache2:
# In <code>/etc/apache2/mods-available/dir.conf</code>, add <code>index.shtml</code> to list of directories
# In <code>/etc/apache2/mods-enabled</code>, create a link to <code>../mods-available/include.load</code>
# In <code>/etc/apache2/sites-available/default</code>, add the <code>Includes</code> directive to the <code>Options</code> state in the <code>Directory /var/www/</code> section.

== password-protected directory ==
Create a directory entry in your site definition file (e.g. <code>/etc/apache2/sites-available/my_site</code>):
<pre>
<Directory /var/www/ucdirc/training>
    AuthType Basic
    AuthName "Protected Information"
    AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/htpassword
    Require valid-user
    Options +Indexes
</Directory>
</pre>
The <code>+Indexes</code> option shows users the contents of the entire directory when they browse to it.  This may or may not be desired.

Next, create a user/passwd pair in the password file with the <code>htpasswd</code> command.  Here are some examples for the <code>htpasswd</code> command:
<pre>
htpasswd /usr/local/etc/apache/.htpasswd-users jsmith
</pre>
Adds or modifies the password for user <code>jsmith</code>. The user is prompted for the password.

<pre>
htpasswd -c /home/doe/public_html/.htpasswd jane
</pre>
Creates a new file and stores a record in it for user <code>jane</code>. The user is prompted for the password.

<pre>
htpasswd -mb /usr/web/.htpasswd-all jones Pwd4Steve
</pre>
Encrypts the password from the command line (<code>Pwd4Steve</code>) using the MD5 algorithm, and stores it in the specified file.

More on the htpasswd command: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/programs/htpasswd.html