Brain

Orientation

Left and right divided by corpus callosum, which can be thought of as the midline.
Away from midline is lateral; toward midline is medial.
Proximal means closer; distal means farther
rostral/anterior = forehead; caudal/posterior = back of head
dorsal/superior = top; ventral/inferior = bottom
http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/kinser/BrainInfo.html

forebrain
- cerebrum (cerebral cortex)
  - gigantic crumpled sheet of tissue on the outside (surface area 1/4 sq meter)
  - folds are sulci; bulges are gyri
  - divided into four lobes:
    - frontal - reasoning
    - parietal - recognition, perception, orientation (separated from frontal by central sulcus)
    - occipetal - vision
    - temporal - memory, language (separated from parietal and frontal by Sylvan fissure)
midbrain
- thalamus - relays motor inputs to cerebrum
- hypothalamus - regulates homeostasis, reflexes
hindbrain
- cerebellum
  - a small, evolutionarily old cortex behind the brain stem
  - coordinates basic motor function and cardiopulmonary activity
- pons
- medulla

limbic system
- comprises thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus
- emotional behavior
brain stem
- comprises pons, medualla